Physical Oil Refinery Machine

Introduction

Refining is an important part in the production of edible oil (cooking oil). It can remove the impurities in the crude oil and increases its quality if compared with original pressing oil.

Refining of crude oil is done to remove unwanted minor components that make oils unappealing to consumers, while trying to cause the least possible damage to the neutral oil as well as minimum refining loss. The components to be removed are all those glyceridic and nonglyceridic compounds that are detrimental to the flavor, color, stability or safety of the refined oils. They are primarily phosphoacylglycerols, free fatty acids, pigments, volatiles and contaminants.

On the other hand, not all the minor compounds in fats and oils are undesirable. For example, phytosterols are considered of nutritional interest, and tocopherols with vitamin E activity, protecting the oil against oxidation are highly appreciated. Consequently, to reach the maximum oil quality all the steps of the refining process should be carried out with the minimum losses of desirable compounds.

. As can be observed, alkali (or chemical) and physical refining are the standard processes used. The main difference between the processes is that alkali refining procedure includes caustic soda treatment to neutralize the oil while, following physical refining, free fatty acid are eliminated by distillation during deodorization. Physical refining reduces the loss of neutral oil, minimizes pollution and enables recovery of high-quality free fatty acids. Nevertheless, not all oils can be physically refined.

Quality evaluation of refined oil is based mainly on analytical indices giving information on the efficiency of the different steps of the refining process.  High oxidative stabilities are also required but their dependence on the degree of unsaturation of the refined oil, which in the case of frying oils ranges from polyunsaturated to partially hydrogenated oils.

Technical Parameters

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