High Cooking Oil Refinery Machine

Introduction

Degumming and neutralization are two important parts in edible oil refining.

Crude oils obtained by pressing and/or extraction are sometimes used directly for food and feed purposes. In most cases, however, the crude oils are refined. Crude oil refining entails the removal of gums or crude lecithin and that of free fatty acids (FFA) from the oil to get a neutral taste of the edible oil while maintaining the nutritional value and ensuring the quality and stability of the product. Degumming is the first step of refining and involves the removal of the gums/crude lecithin from the oil. To that effect, the crude oil is treated with water, enzymes or food grade acid at elevated temperatures. The hydrated gums are removed at the end of this step or after neutralization. Gums are a raw material for the production of lecithin. FFAs are responsible for oil acidity. Chemical refining is the traditional method of oil refining and involves a neutralization step of these FFA’s in the crude oil. During neutralization, the oil is treated with a food grade alkali solution that reacts with the FFA to form soap stock.

The soap stock -together with the precipitated gums, if still present- is separated from the oil by centrifugation. Typically, soap stocks contain 40% water and 60% fatty matter. In facilities that both crush oilseeds and refine the seed oils, the soap and gums can be added back to the meal or expellers at inclusion levels of around 1.5%.  The production of gums and soaps stock in integrated crushing refining is a process of continuously removing the gums and free fatty acids from the oils and continuously adding these as gums or soap stock to the meal or expellers. The components in the soap stock are part of the natural composition of seeds or beans. This means that only natural components separated from the seeds and beans are returned back into the crushing process. Whether integrated crushing refining plants add soap stocks back to the meal or expellers is determined by the design of the facility. It is not subject to daily management decisions.

Technical Parameters

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